1997: Ph. D., University of Mainz, Germany; Lanzhou University, China 1986: M. S., Lanzhou University, China 2005-2004: Visiting Professor, University of Mainz, Germany 2000-1999: Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Mainz, Germany 1999-1997: Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.